DOE Isotope Program Announces Availability of Radionuclide Generators for Medical Research
Lead and bismuth systems are being produced to fill the nation’s need for short-lived, alpha-emitting isotopes.
The Science
Two radioisotopes, lead-212 and bismuth-212, are of interest in targeted cancer therapies, but the short-lived radioisotopes were becoming hard to acquire until the DOE Isotope Program recently began producing the appropriate generators. These generators are being produced at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and are now available through the National Isotope Development Center catalog.
The Impact
Research is demonstrating the effectiveness of lead and bismuth isotopes in destroying cancer cells while limiting damage to healthy cells. In response to the discontinuation of availability of these generators from a private initiative that had attempted to commercialize generator production, the DOE Isotope Program initiated the establishment of a production capability at ORNL. The generators provide lead-212 and bismuth-212 in support of research that could lead to more effective, less debilitating cancer therapies.
Summary
The DOE Isotope Program, managed by the Office of Nuclear Physics, is making radium-224/lead-212 generators through the recovery of thorium-228 from uranium-232. The thorium-228 (1.9 year half-life) serves as a cow for radium-224 (3.7 day half-life), which is loaded on a generator from which either lead-212 or bismuth-212 can be eluted. The radium-224 generator, using the same design as the ORNL actinium-225/bismuth-213 generator, has been found to perform exceptionally well. The generator is now routinely available through the National Isotope Development Center catalog. Generators are shipped with instructions for eluting lead-212 and bismuth-212.
Increasing the availability of alpha-emitters for medical research was the highest priority recommendation of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee’s report “Compelling Research Opportunities using Isotopes”. In addition to the routine provision of actinium-225, thorium-227, and radium-223; investing in research on accelerator production of actinium-225; and supporting development of production of astatine-211 at several universities; the production of radium-224/lead-212 generators now provides a pathway for researchers’ utilization of all the most-promising alpha-emitters for therapy of cancer and other diseases.
Contact
Dr. Saed Mirzadeh
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
mirzadehs@ornl.gov
Funding
The National Isotope Development Center (NIDC) is funded by the Isotope Development and Production for Research and Applications (IDPRA) subprogram of the Office of Nuclear Physics in the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science.
Publications
R.W. Atcher, A.M. Friedman, and J. Hines, Isotopic generator for bismuth-212 and lead-212 from radium, U.S. Patent 4,663,129, May 1987.
R.W. Atcher, J.J. Hines, and A. M. Friedman, "A remote system for the separation of 228Th and 224Ra." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 117, 155-162 (1987). [DOI: 10.1007/BF02165369]
Related Links
National Isotope Development Center (NIDC) Website
Highlight Categories
Performer: DOE Laboratory
Additional: Technology Impact
