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Filling in the Gaps: AI for Super-Resolution and Diagnostic Recovery The Diag2Diag AI model produces synthetic super-resolution data to build a deeper understanding of fusion devices.
Intelligent Sensors Directly Analyze and Interpret Information in Light Scientists invented new photodetectors that not only detect but also learn and think based on objects’ optical spectra.
Bowling Near the Speed of Light Collisions of lead with smaller nuclei allow taking images of the fluctuating nuclear shape
Spotting a New Culprit in the Hunt for Quantum Noise Microscopes, x-rays, and spectroscopy tools join forces to identify defects that interfere with delicate superconducting qubit properties.

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Neon-20 nuclei have an elongated shape like a bowling-pin. Collisions of these nuclei create signals in how particles flow that clarify the role of nuclear geometry.

Using Nuclear Shapes to Study How Particles Flow in Collisions Between Light Ions

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High-speed X-ray radiography of thin plate laser welding and derived scaling laws demarking process windows for welds with and without humping.

X-rays Reveal Why High-Speed Welding Goes Wrong

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This illustration shows multilayer Laue lenses within the microscope focusing incoming X-rays on the microelectronics sample. It reveals the sample’s internal, nanoscale structure.

One Day's Work in an Hour: A Versatile, Fast-scanning, X-ray Microscope

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Artist impression of a trapped radioactive vapor decaying into a coherently-beamed stream of neutrinos (symbolized by v).

Physicists Propose a New Kind of Laser That Would Fire Neutrinos

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The diagram shows the evolution of a copper surface from metal through OH adsorption to Cu2O and Cu(OH). Modulating the voltage enables the X-ray to reveal the surface chemistry as the reaction occurs.

Accessing Dynamic Electrochemical Interfaces

A new technique reveals ultrafast processes in electrode-electrolyte interfaces under operating conditions.

KATRIN scientists test the system of magnets that control the fields inside the spectrometer.

KATRIN Narrows Down the Range of Neutrinos’ Mass

A direct search shows that neutrinos are at least a million times lighter than electrons.

Two nitric oxide molecules are irradiated with an attosecond X-ray pulse and release an electron. This is an example of the photoelectric effect.

Interactions Between X-Rays and Matter Provide Insights into How Electrons Behave in Molecules

By measuring the delay between when a molecule absorbs a photon from an X-ray and emits an electron, scientists gained insight into how electrons interact.

Germanium semiconductor (grey) with dilute silicon (Si) and tin (Sn) atoms (red and blue). Si and Sn do not spread out randomly. They often group together in Si-Ge-Sn sets, showing a short-range order that was previously predicted but not confirmed.

Uncovering Hidden Atomic Patterns in Semiconductors

Advanced microscopy reveals motifs of trace atoms in semiconductors, paving the way for new microelectronics designed atom by atom.

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A 3D view of the energy densities of electron neutrinos, electron anti-neutrinos, heavy-lepton neutrinos and heavy-lepton anti-neutrinos about five milliseconds after neutron stars collide.

When Neutron Stars Collide, Neutrinos Change Flavors

Left: X-ray tomography (XRT) image of a miniature sandstone sample. Right: A diffraction microscopy reconstruction of each grain’s compressive stress magnitude and orientation (portrayed as lines with length proportional to magnitude) during deformation.

Revealing Rock Stresses and Fractures in 3D

The QUANT-NET research team has designed a two-level control framework for quantum networks. This two-level control framework and scheduler are being deployed and evaluated in the QUANT-NET testbed.

Building a Flexible Control Framework for Quantum Networks

The final version of the redesigned drug binds tightly to the main COVID-19 protease, an enzyme the virus needs to multiply. The drug’s structure is effective even against mutated forms that resist other treatments.

Redesigned Hepatitis C Drug Becomes a Powerful New Treatment for COVID-19

The Uncertainty Toolbox provides a suite of evaluation, visualization, and recalibration functionalities for uncertainty quantification.

Uncertainty Toolbox: A Software Toolbox for Quantifying Uncertainty and More

Images showing mice injected with radioactive antimony. Left panel with TREN-CAM shows how the radioactive antimony will be active longer in the treatment areas. The right panel shows that the antimony without TREN-CAM doesn’t stay in the desired areas.

Progress Towards Unlocking Antimony’s Cancer Treatment Potential

Scientists used a new method to create 3D metallic and semiconductor nanostructures. The scale bar represents one micrometer. The graphics show how the researchers combined multiple techniques to layer materials on top of a 3D DNA framework "scaffolding."

Building 3D Nanoscale Structures Through DNA-Assembly and Templating

ORNL’s Frontier supercomputer earned the top ranking on the TOP500 list in June 2022, marking it as the world’s fastest computer at the time with 1.1 exaflops of performance.

Improving Computing Memory Performance for Scientific Discovery

Image of a Wigner crystal captured by a high resolution ultra-low temperature scanning tunneling microscope. The periodic sites (blue) form a triangular structure with each consisting of exactly one electron separated by 40 billionths of a meter.

Visualizing an Elusive Quantum Crystal

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